Boundaries shown do not imply endorsement.
In the region
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Country snapshot
Antarctica| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| Official name | No authoritative open source found |
| Government type | the Antarctic Treaty and its follow-on agreements govern the use of Antarctica, ensuring it is used only for peaceful purposes and scientific research; signed in 1959 and in force since 1961, the original Treaty bans military activity, weapons testing, and nuclear waste disposal, while allowing military personnel to assist with research or other peaceful efforts; it promotes international cooperation in science, guarantees the free exchange of research, and freezes territorial claims; the Treaty covers all land and ice south of 60° south latitude, and allows Treaty nations to inspect any station or facilitydecisions are made by consensus at annual meetings, and member countries implement these decisions through their national laws (see “Legal system”); additional agreements have strengthened the Treaty system, including conventions to protect seals (1972) and other marine life (1980), as well as an environmental protocol (1991, took effect in 1998); the protocol bans mining and includes strict rules on environmental impact, waste, pollution, wildlife, and protected areas; as of December 2024, there are 58 member nations: 29 consultative members, including the 7 claimant countries (Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK), and 29 non-consultative members; a permanent Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, established in 2004 in Buenos Aires, supports the systemCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Capital | No authoritative open source found |
| Head of state | No authoritative open source found |
| Total area | No authoritative open source found |
| Total population | No authoritative open source found |
| Languages | No authoritative open source found |
| GDP (nominal) | No authoritative open source found |
| GDP per capita | No authoritative open source found |
| Life expectancy | No authoritative open source found |
