Indicator	Value
Total population	3,160,000 peopleUN DESA WPP [2024] 3,164,000 people·World Bank WDI [2024] 3,164,000 people
Median age	45.3 yearsUN DESA WPP [2024]
Life expectancy	77.8–78 yearsWorld Bank WDI [2024] 78.04 years·UNDP HDI [2023] 77.85 years
Ethnic groups	Bosniak 50.1%, Serb 30.8%, Croat 15.4%, other 2.7%, not declared/no answer 1% (2013 est.); note: Republika Srpska authorities dispute the methodology and refuse to recognize the results; Bosniak has replaced Muslim as an ethnic term in part to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim - an adherent of IslamCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Languages	Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Religions	Muslim 50.7%, Orthodox 30.7%, Roman Catholic 15.2%, atheist 0.8%, agnostic 0.3%, other 1.2%, undeclared/no answer 1.1% (2013 est.)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Urbanization	50.3% of total population (2023)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Population growth	-0.656 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Birth rate	7.72 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Death rate	13.5 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Urban population	52.1 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Languages (structured)	Aromanian / Balkan Romani / Central Romani / Ladino / Sinte-Manus Romani / Vlax RomaniGlottolog [2026]