Electricity generation mix
- Nuclear39.1%
- Coal22.5%
- Solar18.1%
- Hydro6.7%
- Gas4.9%
- Bioenergy4.5%
- Wind3.5%
- Other fossil0.7%
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| CO₂ emissions | 34.2 Mt CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| CO₂ per capita | 5.31 t CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| Renewable energy share | 20.4 %World Bank WDI [2021] |
| Energy use per capita | 2,600 kg oil-eqWorld Bank WDI [2023] |
| Freshwater withdrawal | 25.9 %World Bank WDI [2022] |
| Renewable electricity share | 32.8 %Ember [2025] |
| UNESCO World Heritage sites | 10 sitesUNESCO World Heritage [2025] |
| Mean annual temperature | 11.9 °CWorld Bank CCKP [2014] |
| Forest area (>10% canopy) | 4,250,000 haGlobal Forest Watch [2010] |
| Intangible cultural heritage elements | 9 elementsUNESCO ICH [2025] |
| Operating power capacity | 13,800 MWGlobal Energy Monitor [2025] |
| Renewable water resources per capita | 21.3 m³FAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — agriculture | 0.726 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — industry | 5.44 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — domestic | 0.217 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| CO2 emissions, total | 31.6–34,200 MtJRC EDGAR [2024] 34,190 Mt·Global Carbon Budget [2024] 31.64 Mt |
| CO2 emissions by sector |
|
| CO2 emissions, territorial | 31.6 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2024] |
| CO2 emissions, consumption-based | 35.3 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2023] |
| Significant earthquakes (recent) | No authoritative open source found |
| Largest recent earthquake | No authoritative open source found |
| Active natural events | 7NASA EONET [2026] |
| Natural events by category | Floods: 5 / Wildfires: 2NASA EONET [2026] |
| Renewable energy share | 17.7 %WB SE4ALL [2015] |
| Oil production | 6.1 kbdEIA International Energy [2025] |
| Natural gas production | 0.00925 bcmEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Coal production | 15 MtEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Environmental issues | air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastesCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
