| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| ISO 3166 alpha-2 | GRISO 3166 [2024] |
| ISO 3166 alpha-3 | GRCISO 3166 [2024] |
| Capital | AthensGeoNames [2024] |
| Continent | EuropeGeoNames [2024] |
| Common name | GreeceCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Official name | Hellenic RepublicCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Local name | Ellas or ElladaCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Etymology | the English name derives from the Roman (Latin) designation Graecia, meaning "Land of the Greeks"; the Greeks call their country Ellas or Ellada, which is probably derived from Hellas, the name of the mythical son of DeucalianCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Government type | Parliamentary republicCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Independence | 3 February 1830 (from the Ottoman Empire); note: the national revolt against the Ottomans began on 25 March 1821; the London Protocol recognizing Greek independence was signed on 3 February 1830 by Great Britain, France, and RussiaCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 25 March (1821)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Head of state | Konstantinos TASOULAS (Pres.)CIA World Leaders [2025] |
| Currency code (ISO 4217) | EURISO 4217 Currency Codes [2026] |
| Currency | EuroISO 4217 Currency Codes [2026] |
| Administrative subdivisions | 14ISO 3166-2 Subdivisions [2026] |
| Subdivision names |
|
| Historical overview | No authoritative open source found |
| National symbols | Greek cross (white cross on a blue field)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National anthem | title: "Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian" (Hymn to Freedom); lyrics/music: Dionysios SOLOMOS/Nikolaos MANTZAROS; history: adopted 1864; the anthem is based on a 158-stanza poem by the same name, which was inspired by the Greek Revolution of 1821 against the Ottomans (only the first two stanzas are used); Cyprus also uses "Hymn to Freedom" as its anthemCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National colors | blue, whiteCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Citizenship rules | citizenship by birth: no; citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Greece; dual citizenship recognized: yes; residency requirement for naturalization: 10 yearsCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
the English name derives from the Roman (Latin) designation Graecia , meaning "Land of the Greeks"; the Greeks call their country Ellas or Ellada, which is probably derived from Hellas, the name of the mythical son of Deucalian
description: nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white; a blue square with a white cross is in the upper-left corner meaning: the cross symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established religion; there is no set meaning for the stripes and colors
Source: CIA World Factbook (Historical Archive — final edition) · CC0 · Edition 2026-05
