Electricity generation mix
- Coal70.8%
- Solar9.4%
- Hydro8.6%
- Wind5.0%
- Nuclear2.6%
- Gas2.3%
- Bioenergy1.1%
- Other fossil0.2%
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| CO₂ emissions | 3,150 Mt CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| CO₂ per capita | 2.17 t CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| Renewable energy share | 34.9 %World Bank WDI [2021] |
| Energy use per capita | 763 kg oil-eqWorld Bank WDI [2023] |
| Freshwater withdrawal | 44.8 %World Bank WDI [2022] |
| Renewable electricity share | 24.1 %Ember [2025] |
| UNESCO World Heritage sites | 44 sitesUNESCO World Heritage [2025] |
| Mean annual temperature | 24.6 °CWorld Bank CCKP [2014] |
| Forest area (>10% canopy) | 37,100,000 haGlobal Forest Watch [2010] |
| Intangible cultural heritage elements | 16 elementsUNESCO ICH [2025] |
| Operating power capacity | 479,000 MWGlobal Energy Monitor [2025] |
| Renewable water resources per capita | 1,910 m³FAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — agriculture | 688 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — industry | 761 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — domestic | 371 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| CO2 emissions, total | 3,200–3,150,000 MtJRC EDGAR [2024] 3,154,000 Mt·Global Carbon Budget [2024] 3,196 Mt |
| CO2 emissions by sector |
|
| CO2 emissions, territorial | 3,200 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2024] |
| CO2 emissions, consumption-based | 2,550 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2023] |
| Significant earthquakes (recent) |
|
| Largest recent earthquake | M6.6 (2025) — southeast Indian RidgeUSGS Earthquakes [2025] |
| Active natural events | 117NASA EONET [2026] |
| Natural events by category | Wildfires: 109 / Floods: 8NASA EONET [2026] |
| Renewable energy share | 36 %WB SE4ALL [2015] |
| Oil production | 990 kbdEIA International Energy [2025] |
| Natural gas production | 35.9 bcmEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Coal production | 1,010 MtEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Environmental issues | deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing; desertification; air pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage and agricultural pesticides; tap water not potable; growing population overstraining natural resources; biodiversity lossCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
