Electricity generation mix
- Coal34.3%
- Gas22.1%
- Hydro16.2%
- Wind11.1%
- Solar10.5%
- Other renewables3.0%
- Bioenergy2.4%
- Other fossil0.3%
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| CO₂ emissions | 460 Mt CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| CO₂ per capita | 5.38 t CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| Renewable energy share | 12 %World Bank WDI [2021] |
| Energy use per capita | 1,920 kg oil-eqWorld Bank WDI [2024] |
| Freshwater withdrawal | 28.4 %World Bank WDI [2022] |
| Renewable electricity share | 43.3 %Ember [2025] |
| UNESCO World Heritage sites | 22 sitesUNESCO World Heritage [2025] |
| Mean annual temperature | 12.1 °CWorld Bank CCKP [2014] |
| Forest area (>10% canopy) | 10,900,000 haGlobal Forest Watch [2010] |
| Intangible cultural heritage elements | 32 elementsUNESCO ICH [2025] |
| Operating power capacity | 107,000 MWGlobal Energy Monitor [2025] |
| Renewable water resources per capita | 212 m³FAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — agriculture | 56.1 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — industry | 64.6 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — domestic | 25.1 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| CO2 emissions, total | 513–460,000 MtJRC EDGAR [2024] 460,000 Mt·Global Carbon Budget [2024] 513.4 Mt |
| CO2 emissions by sector |
|
| CO2 emissions, territorial | 513 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2024] |
| CO2 emissions, consumption-based | 483 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2023] |
| Significant earthquakes (recent) | No authoritative open source found |
| Largest recent earthquake | No authoritative open source found |
| Active natural events | 17NASA EONET [2026] |
| Natural events by category | Floods: 11 / Wildfires: 6NASA EONET [2026] |
| Renewable energy share | 13.4 %WB SE4ALL [2015] |
| Oil production | 143 kbdEIA International Energy [2025] |
| Natural gas production | 2.26 bcmEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Coal production | 79 MtEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Environmental issues | water pollution from dumping of chemicals and detergents; air pollution, particularly in urban areas; deforestation; land degradation; conservation of biodiversityCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
