Indicator	Value
Total population	42,600,000 peopleUN DESA WPP [2024] 42,650,000 people·World Bank WDI [2024] 42,650,000 people
Median age	17.1 yearsUN DESA WPP [2024]
Life expectancy	66–66.3 yearsWorld Bank WDI [2024] 66.29 years·UNDP HDI [2023] 66.04 years
Ethnic groups	current, reliable statistical data on ethnicity in Afghanistan are not available; Afghanistan's 2004 Constitution cited Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Turkman, Baluch, Pashaie, Nuristani, Aymaq, Arab, Qirghiz, Qizilbash, Gujur, and Brahwui ethnicities; Afghanistan has dozens of other small ethnic groupsCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Languages	Afghan Persian or Dari (official, lingua franca) 77%, Pashto (official) 48%, Uzbeki 11%, English 6%, Turkmani 3%, Urdu 3%, Pashaie 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabic 1%, Balochi 1%, other <1% (2020 est.)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Religions	Muslim 99.7% (Sunni 84.7 - 89.7%, Shia 10 - 15%), other <0.3% (2009 est.)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Urbanization	26.9% of total population (2023)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Population growth	2.84 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Birth rate	35 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Death rate	5.7 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Urban population	25.7 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Languages (structured)	Adurgari / Afghan Sign Language / Afghanistan Gorbat / Aimaq / Ashkun / Bactrian / Brahui / Central Pashto / Dari / Gawar-Bati / Grangali-Ningalami / Gujari / Hazaragi / Inku / Ishkashimi / Kara-Kalpak / Katë / Kazakh / Kirghiz / Magati / Malakhel / Mogholi / Munji / Northeast Pashayi / Northern Pashto / Northern Uzbek / Northwest Pashayi / Nuristani Kalasha / Ormuri / Pahlavani / Parachi / Parya / Prasun / Sanglechi / Sauji / Shughni / Shumashti / South Azerbaijani / Southeast Pashayi / Southern Pashto / Southern Uzbek / Southwest Pashayi / Tajik / Tajiki Arabic / Tangshewi / Tirahi / Tregami / Turkmen / Urdu / Wakhi / Warduji / Western Balochi / Western Farsi / Wotapuri-KatarqalaiGlottolog [2026]