Indicator	Value
Total population	26,700,000–27,200,000 peopleUN DESA WPP [2024] 26,710,000 people·World Bank WDI [2024] 27,200,000 people
Median age	38 yearsUN DESA WPP [2024]
Life expectancy	83.1–83.9 yearsWorld Bank WDI [2024] 83.05 years·UNDP HDI [2023] 83.92 years
Ethnic groups	English 33%, Australian 29.9%, Irish 9.5%, Scottish 8.6%, Chinese 5.5%, Italian 4.4%, German 4%, Indian 3.1%, Australian Aboriginal 2.9%, Greek 1.7%, unspecified 4.7% (2021 est.); note: data represent self-identified ancestry, with the option of reporting two ancestriesCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Languages	English 72%, Mandarin 2.7%, Arabic 1.4%, Vietnamese 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, other 15.7%, unspecified 5.7% (2021 est.); note: data represent language spoken at homeCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Religions	Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant 18.1% (Anglican 9.8%, Uniting Church 2.6%, Presbyterian and Reformed 1.6%, Baptist 1.4%, Pentecostal 1%, other Protestant 1.7%), other Christian 3.5%, Muslim 3.2%, Hindu 2.7%, Buddhist 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3% (Eastern Orthodox 2.1%, Oriental Orthodox 0.2%), other 2.1%, none 38.4%, unspecified 7.3% (2021 est.)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Urbanization	86.6% of total population (2023)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Population growth	1.99 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Birth rate	10.7 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Death rate	6.88 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Urban population	87.6 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Languages (structured)	Adnyamathanha Aghu Tharnggalu Aghu Tharnggalu (Retired) Alawa Alngith Alyawarr Ami Amurdak Andegerebinha Angkamuthi Anguthimri Anindilyakwa Anmatyerre Antakarinya Arabana Arakwal Archaic Angloromani Areba Arritinngithigh Atampaya Athima Auslan Australian Aborigines Sign Language Awabakal Badimaya Badjirri Bandjigali Banggarla Bardi Barranbinya Barrow Point Bayali Bayungu Ben-Lomond-Cape-Portland Bidyara Bigambal Bindal-Cunningham Bindal-Gorton Bindal-Mount Elliot Bininj Kun-Wok Biri Birrdhawal Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin Bruny Island Bularnu Bulloo River Bunaba Bunganditj Burarra Burduna Cocos Islands Malay Colac Condamine-Upper Clarence Bandjalang Dagoman Dayi Dhalandji Dhangu Dhargari Dharumbal Dhudhuroa Dhurga Dhuwal Dieri Djambarrpuyngu Djangun Djawi Djeebbana Djinang Djinba Djiwarli Dyaabugay Dyaberdyaber Dyangadi Dyirbal Dyugun Eastern Arrernte Eastern Yiddish English Erre Far North Queensland Indigenous Sign Language Fiji Hindi Flinders Island Gaagudju Gajirrabeng Gambera Ganai Ganggalida Gangulu Garig-Ilgar Garrwa Giya Giyug Gooniyandi Gudang Gudjal Gugadj Gugu Badhun Gugu Mini Gugubera Gulunggulu Gumatj Gungabula Gunya Gupapuyngu Guragone Gurdjar Gureng Gureng Gurindji Gurindji Kriol Guugu Yimidhirr Guwa Guwamu Guwar Guyambal Guyani Hawkesbury Ikaranggal Iwaidja Jaminjung-Ngaliwurru Jaru Jawoyn Jingulu Kabikabi Kala Lagaw Ya Kalaamaya Kalarko-Mirniny Kalkatungu Kamu Kanju Karadjeri Kariyarra Karruwali Kaurna Kawarrang-Ogh Undjan Kayardild Kaytetye Kitja Kok-Nar Kokata Koko Babangk Koko Dhawa Kriol Kukatja Kuku-Mangk Kuku-Mu'inh Kuku-Muminh Kuku-Ugbanh Kuku-Uwanh Kuku-Yalanji Kumbainggar Kunbarlang Kungarakany Kunggara Kunggari Kunjen Kurrama Kuthant Kuuk-Yak Kuuku-Ya'u Kuungkari of Barcoo River Kwini Lake Carnegie Western Desert Lamalama Laragia Lardil Light Warlpiri Limilngan Linngithigh Lower Darling-Lower Lachlan Lower Richmond Lower Riverland Lower Southern Aranda Madngele Malgana Manangkari Manda (Australia) Mandandanyi Mangala Mangarrayi Mangerr Maranunggu Margany Margu Maridan Maridjabin Marimanindji Maringarr Marithiel Mariyedi Marra Marriammu Marti Ke Martu Wangka Martuthunira Mawng Mayaguduna Maykulan Mbabaram Mbara-Yanga Mbiywom Meriam Middle Clarence Bandjalang Minkin Miriwoong Sign Language Miriwung Mithaka Miwa Mpalityanh-Luthigh Mudburra Mullukmulluk Muluridyi Murriny Patha Muruwari Nakara Nangikurrunggurr Narrinyeri Narungga Nauo Neo-Mandaic New South Wales Pidgin Ngaanyatjarra Ngadjunmaya Ngadjuri Ngalakgan Ngalkbun Ngamini-Yarluyandi-Karangura Ngandi Nganyaywana Ngardi Ngarinman Ngarinyin Ngarla Ngarla on the Ashburton river south of the Hamersley range Ngarluma Ngarnka Ngawun Ngiyambaa Ngkoth Ngumbarl Ngurmbur Nhanda Nhangu Nhuwala Nijadali Nimanbur North Midlands Tasmanian Northern Inland Yuin Northern Sunraysia Northwestern Tasmanian Nugunu (Australia) Nungali Nyamal Nyangumarta Nyawaygi Nyigina Nyiyaparli-Palyku Nyulnyul Nyunga Olkol Oyster Bay-Big River-Little Swanport Paakantyi Pakanha Palawa Kani Pallanganmiddang Panytyima Pidgin Kaurna Pidgin Ngarluma Piemontese Pimpama Pinigura Pintiini Pintupi-Luritja Pirlatapa Pirriya Pitcairn-Norfolk Pitjantjatjara Pitta Pitta Port Sorell Queensland Kanaka English Rembarrnga Rimanggudhinma Ritharrngu Roth's Gugu Warra South Australian Pidgin English South-Eastern-Tasmanian-Hinterland Southern Coastal Yuin Southern Cook Island Maori Southern Inland Yuin Southwestern Tasmanian Sydney Tagalaka Tasmanian Thayore Thaypan Thiin Thurawal Tiwi Tjurruru Torres Strait-Lockhart River Creole Traveller Scottish Tweed-Albert Tyanngayt-Mamngayt-Ntrwangayt-Ntrangit Tyaraity Umbindhamu Umbugarla Umbuygamu Umiida-Unggarangu Umpila Unggumi Unserdeutsch Upper Riverland Uradhi Urningangg Uwinymil Wadjiginy Wadjigu Wagaya Wageman Wajarri Wakabunga Wakawaka Walangama Walmajarri-Juwaliny Wambayan Wamin Wandarang Wanggamala Wangganguru Wanman Wanyi Wardaman Wariyangga Warlmanpa Warlpiri Warluwara Warray Warrgamay Warrnambool Warrongo Warrwa Warumungu Wathawurrung Western Arrarnta Western Victoria Wik-Epa Wik-Iiyanh Wik-Keyangan Wik-Me'anha Wik-Mungkan Wik-Ngathana Wikalkan Wikngenchera Wilawila Wilson River (Grey Range) Winjarumi Wiradhuri Wirangu Wirangu-Nauo Woiwurrung-Thagungwurrung Worimi Worrorra Wubuy Wulguru Wuliwuli Wulna Wulwulam Wunambal Wurrugu Wuthathi Yadhaykenu Yagara-Jandai Yalarnnga Yanda Yandjibara Yandruwandha Yangathimri Yangkaal Yangman Yankunytjatjara Yanyuwa Yarli Yawarawarga Yawuru Yaygir Yidiñ Yindjibarndi Yindjilandji Yinggarda Yinhawangka Yintyinka-Ayabadhu Yinwum Yir-Yoront Yirandhali Yolngu Sign Language Yorta Yorta Yugambal Yugul Yulparija Yuputhimri Yuru Yuwaalaraay-Gamilaraay Glottolog [2026]