Electricity generation mix
- Nuclear40.0%
- Solar27.3%
- Gas20.2%
- Bioenergy5.9%
- Coal3.4%
- Wind1.5%
- Other fossil1.0%
- Hydro0.6%
- Other renewables0.0%
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| CO₂ emissions | 42.6 Mt CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| CO₂ per capita | 4.46 t CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| Renewable energy share | 15.3 %World Bank WDI [2021] |
| Energy use per capita | 2,510 kg oil-eqWorld Bank WDI [2024] |
| Freshwater withdrawal | 78.2 %World Bank WDI [2022] |
| Renewable electricity share | 35.3 %Ember [2025] |
| UNESCO World Heritage sites | 8 sitesUNESCO World Heritage [2025] |
| Mean annual temperature | 11.8 °CWorld Bank CCKP [2014] |
| Forest area (>10% canopy) | 2,220,000 haGlobal Forest Watch [2010] |
| Intangible cultural heritage elements | 10 elementsUNESCO ICH [2025] |
| Operating power capacity | 10,500 MWGlobal Energy Monitor [2025] |
| Renewable water resources per capita | 104 m³FAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — agriculture | 0.549 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — industry | 4.97 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — domestic | 0.0253 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| CO2 emissions, total | 40–42,600 MtJRC EDGAR [2024] 42,630 Mt·Global Carbon Budget [2024] 40.05 Mt |
| CO2 emissions by sector |
|
| CO2 emissions, territorial | 40 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2024] |
| CO2 emissions, consumption-based | 56.8 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2023] |
| Significant earthquakes (recent) | No authoritative open source found |
| Largest recent earthquake | No authoritative open source found |
| Active natural events | 1NASA EONET [2026] |
| Natural events by category | Floods: 1NASA EONET [2026] |
| Renewable energy share | 15.6 %WB SE4ALL [2015] |
| Oil production | 46.4 kbdEIA International Energy [2025] |
| Natural gas production | 1.72 bcmEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Coal production | 3.89 MtEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Environmental issues | air and soil pollution; water pollution from industry and large-scale agricultureCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
