Indicator	Value
Total population	46,000,000 peopleUN DESA WPP [2024] 46,040,000 people·World Bank WDI [2024] 46,040,000 people
Median age	20.6 yearsUN DESA WPP [2024]
Life expectancy	72.3–72.4 yearsWorld Bank WDI [2024] 72.42 years·UNDP HDI [2023] 72.32 years
Ethnic groups	Arab 75-80%, Kurdish 15-20%, other 5% (includes Turkmen, Yezidi, Shabak, Kaka'i, Bedouin, Romani, Assyrian, Circassian, Sabaean-Mandaean, Persian); note: data is a 1987 government estimate; no more recent reliable numbers are availableCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Languages	Arabic (official), Kurdish (official); Turkmen (a Turkish dialect) and Syriac (Neo-Aramaic) are recognized as official languages where native speakers of these languages are presentCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Religions	Muslim (official) 95-98% (Shia 61-64%, Sunni 29-34%), Christian 1% (includes Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant, Assyrian Church of the East), other 1-4% (2015 est.); note: the last census in Iraq was in 1997; while there has been voluntary relocation of many Christian families to northern Iraq, the overall Christian population has decreased at least 50% and perhaps as much as 90% since 2003, according to US Embassy estimates, with many fleeing to Syria, Jordan, and LebanonCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Urbanization	71.6% of total population (2023)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Population growth	2.12 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Birth rate	25.6 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Death rate	4.17 per 1,000World Bank WDI [2024]
Urban population	69.9 %World Bank WDI [2024]
Languages (structured)	Akkadian Assyrian Neo-Aramaic Bajelani Central Kurdish Chaldean Neo-Aramaic Gilit Mesopotamian Arabic Gulf Arabic Gurani Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE) Iraqi Sign Language Judeo-Iraqi Arabic Kassite Koy Sanjaq Jewish Neo-Aramaic Kurdish Sign Language Lishana Deni Lishanid Noshan Najdi Arabic Neo-Mandaic North Mesopotamian Arabic Northern Kurdish Northern Luri Romanian Pidgin Arabic Shabaki South Azerbaijani Southern Kurdish Standard Arabic Sumerian Turkish Turkmen Turoyo Western Farsi Glottolog [2026]