| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| Electoral democracy index | 0.745 indexV-Dem [2025] |
| Liberal democracy index | 0.642 indexV-Dem [2025] |
| Government effectiveness | 0.792 indexWorld Bank WGI [2024] |
| Rule of law | 0.619 indexWorld Bank WGI [2024] |
| Control of corruption | 0.553 indexWorld Bank WGI [2024] |
| Voice & accountability | 1.07 indexWorld Bank WGI [2024] |
| Political stability | 0.309 indexWorld Bank WGI [2024] |
| Regulatory quality | 0.64 indexWorld Bank WGI [2024] |
| Cabinet fragmentation index | 1 indexWB DPI [2023] |
| Governing majority margin | 0.593 %WB DPI [2023] |
| Parties in executive cabinet | 237WB DPI [2023] |
| Women in parliament | 32.2 %WB Gender [2024] |
| Constitutional history supplement | No authoritative open source found |
| Legal system | civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews legislation under certain conditionsCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Suffrage (voting rights) | 18 years of age; universal except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
previous 1848 (originally for the Kingdom of Sardinia and adopted by the Kingdom of Italy in 1861); latest enacted 22 December 1947, adopted 27 December 1947, entered into force 1 January 1948
Source: CIA World Factbook (Historical Archive — final edition) · CC0 · Edition 2026-05
How to read these indices
V-Dem democracy indices range from 0 to 1 — higher values mean stronger democratic institutions. World Bank WGI governance estimates range from about −2.5 to +2.5, where higher is better. These are comparative indices across countries, not absolute scores.
