| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| ISO 3166 alpha-2 | RUISO 3166 [2024] |
| ISO 3166 alpha-3 | RUSISO 3166 [2024] |
| Capital | MoscowGeoNames [2024] |
| Continent | EuropeGeoNames [2024] |
| Common name | RussiaCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Official name | Russian FederationCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Local name | RossiyaCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Etymology | Russian lands were referred to as Muscovy until PETER I declared the Empire of All Russias in 1721; the new name aimed at identifying the new Russia with European political tradition; "Rus" was the Old Finnish name given to Varangians (eastern Vikings) who entered the area in the 9th centuryCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Government type | Semi-presidential federationCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Independence | 25 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union; Russian SFSR renamed Russian Federation); notable earlier dates: 1157 (Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal created); 16 January 1547 (Tsardom of Muscovy established); 22 October 1721 (Russian Empire proclaimed); 30 December 1922 (Soviet Union established)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National holiday | Russia Day, 12 June (1990); note: commemorates the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Head of state | Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (Pres.)CIA World Leaders [2025] |
| Currency code (ISO 4217) | RUBISO 4217 Currency Codes [2026] |
| Currency | Russian RubleISO 4217 Currency Codes [2026] |
| Administrative subdivisions | 83ISO 3166-2 Subdivisions [2026] |
| Subdivision names |
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| Historical overview | No authoritative open source found |
| National symbols | bear, double-headed eagleCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National anthem | title: “Gosudarstvenny Gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii” (National Anthem of the Russian Federation); lyrics/music: Sergey Vladimirovich MIKHALKOV/Aleksandr Vasilyevich ALEKSANDROV; history: adopted 2000; Russia adopted the tune of the Soviet Union's anthem (composed in 1939), as well as new lyrics; MIKHALKOV, who wrote the new lyrics, also authored the Soviet lyrics in 1943CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National colors | white, blue, redCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Citizenship rules | citizenship by birth: no; citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Russia; dual citizenship recognized: yes; residency requirement for naturalization: 3-5 yearsCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
Russian lands were referred to as Muscovy until PETER I declared the Empire of All Russias in 1721; the new name aimed at identifying the new Russia with European political tradition; "Rus" was the Old Finnish name given to Varangians (eastern Vikings) who entered the area in the 9th century
description: three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red meaning: colors may have been based on the Dutch flag, but no official meaning is assigned history: created when Russia built its first naval vessels, and was used mostly as a naval flag until the 19th century
Source: CIA World Factbook (Historical Archive — final edition) · CC0 · Edition 2026-05
