| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| ISO 3166 alpha-2 | SYISO 3166 [2024] |
| ISO 3166 alpha-3 | SYRISO 3166 [2024] |
| Capital | DamascusGeoNames [2024] |
| Continent | AsiaGeoNames [2024] |
| Common name | SyriaCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Official name | Syrian Arab RepublicCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Local name | SuriyahCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Etymology | the source of the name is uncertain; the name appears as "Suri" in Babylonian cuneiform writings dating from about 4000 B.C.CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Government type | Transitional presidential republicCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Independence | 17 April 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under French administration)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National holiday | Independence Day (Evacuation Day), 17 April (1946); note: celebrates the last French troops departing and the proclamation of full independenceCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Head of state | Ahmad Husayn al-SHARA’ (Pres.)CIA World Leaders [2025] |
| Currency code (ISO 4217) | SYPISO 4217 Currency Codes [2026] |
| Currency | Syrian PoundISO 4217 Currency Codes [2026] |
| Administrative subdivisions | 14ISO 3166-2 Subdivisions [2026] |
| Subdivision names | Al Lādhiqīyah / Al Qunayţirah / Al Ḩasakah / Ar Raqqah / As Suwaydā' / Dar'ā / Dayr az Zawr / Dimashq / Idlib / Rīf Dimashq / Ţarţūs / Ḩalab / Ḩamāh / ḨimşISO 3166-2 Subdivisions [2026] |
| Historical overview | No authoritative open source found |
| National symbols | northern bald ibisCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National anthem | title: “Ħumāt ad-Diyār (Guardians of the Homeland); lyrics/music: Khalil Mardam BEY/Mohammad Salim FLAYFEL and Ahmad Salim FLAYFEL; history: adopted 1936, restored 1961; the country had a different anthem between 1958 and 1961, when Syria was part of the United Arab RepublicCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| National colors | red, white, black, greenCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
| Citizenship rules | citizenship by birth: no; citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Syria; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen of Syria; dual citizenship recognized: yes; residency requirement for naturalization: 10 yearsCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
the source of the name is uncertain; the name appears as "Suri" in Babylonian cuneiform writings dating from about 4000 B.C.
description: three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and black; three five-pointed red stars in a horizontal line, centered on the white band meaning: the design is the same as a previous Syrian national flag (in use 1932-58 and 1961-63), but it is still unclear if the elements will retain the same meanings; the bands formerly represented Syria’s past rulers: white (Umayyad Caliphate), black (Abbasid Caliphate), and green (Rashidun Caliphate); the first star represented Damascus, Aleppo, and Deir ez-Zor, the three administrative subdivisions in Syria in the 1930s; the second star stood for Jabal Druze (the Mountain of the Druze), and the third star for the Alawite Mountains history: in 2011, opponents to the Asad regime adopted the flag; in 2025, it became the new national flag, replacing the two-star design
Source: CIA World Factbook (Historical Archive — final edition) · CC0 · Edition 2026-05
