Indicator	Value
Total population	23,200,000 peopleUN DESA WPP [2024]
Median age	44.2 yearsUN DESA WPP [2024]
Life expectancy	No authoritative open source found
Ethnic groups	Han Chinese (including Holo, who compose approximately 70% of Taiwan's population, Hakka, and other groups originating in mainland China) more than 95%, indigenous Malayo-Polynesian peoples 2.3%; note: note 1: there are 16 officially recognized indigenous groups: Amis, Atayal, Bunun, Hla'alua, Kanakaravu, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Saisiyat, Sakizaya, Seediq, Thao, Truku, Tsou, and Yami; Amis, Paiwan, and Atayal are the largest and account for roughly 70% of the indigenous populationnote 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, archeological, and linguistic data support the theory that Taiwan is the ultimate source for the spread of humans across the Pacific to Polynesia; the expansion (ca. 3000 B.C. to A.D. 1200) took place via the Philippines and eastern Indonesia and reached Fiji and Tonga by about 900 B.C.; from there voyagers spread across the rest of the Pacific islands over the next two millenniaCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Languages	Mandarin (official), Min Nan, Hakka dialects, approximately 16 indigenous languagesCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Religions	Buddhist 35.3%, Taoist 33.2%, Christian 3.9%, folk religion (includes Confucian) approximately 10%, none or unspecified 18.2% (2005 est.)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Urbanization	80.1% of total population (2023)CIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive
Population growth	No authoritative open source found
Birth rate	No authoritative open source found
Death rate	No authoritative open source found
Urban population	No authoritative open source found
Languages (structured)	Chinese Sign Language Hakka Chinese Kanakanavu Kavalan Mandarin Chinese Min Nan Chinese Pazeh-Kahabu Puyuma Saaroa Saisiyat Seediq Sirayaic Thao Tsou Vernacular Atayalic Japanese Yami Glottolog [2026]