Electricity generation mix
- Hydro24.3%
- Nuclear20.5%
- Gas16.9%
- Coal15.2%
- Wind12.0%
- Solar9.8%
- Bioenergy1.0%
- Other fossil0.4%
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| CO₂ emissions | 70.9 Mt CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| CO₂ per capita | 3.72 t CO₂World Bank WDI [2024] |
| Renewable energy share | 23.6 %World Bank WDI [2021] |
| Energy use per capita | 1,600 kg oil-eqWorld Bank WDI [2023] |
| Freshwater withdrawal | 19.2 %World Bank WDI [2022] |
| Renewable electricity share | 47 %Ember [2025] |
| UNESCO World Heritage sites | 11 sitesUNESCO World Heritage [2025] |
| Mean annual temperature | 10.4 °CWorld Bank CCKP [2014] |
| Forest area (>10% canopy) | 8,180,000 haGlobal Forest Watch [2010] |
| Intangible cultural heritage elements | 11 elementsUNESCO ICH [2025] |
| Operating power capacity | 22,400 MWGlobal Energy Monitor [2025] |
| Renewable water resources per capita | 212 m³FAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — agriculture | 2.96 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — industry | 8.15 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| Water withdrawal — domestic | 0.379 bcmFAO AQUASTAT [2022] |
| CO2 emissions, total | 68.6–70,900 MtJRC EDGAR [2024] 70,880 Mt·Global Carbon Budget [2024] 68.6 Mt |
| CO2 emissions by sector |
|
| CO2 emissions, territorial | 68.6 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2024] |
| CO2 emissions, consumption-based | 78.3 MtGlobal Carbon Budget [2023] |
| Significant earthquakes (recent) | No authoritative open source found |
| Largest recent earthquake | No authoritative open source found |
| Active natural events | 6NASA EONET [2026] |
| Natural events by category | Floods: 6NASA EONET [2026] |
| Renewable energy share | 23.7 %WB SE4ALL [2015] |
| Oil production | 69.5 kbdEIA International Energy [2025] |
| Natural gas production | 9.16 bcmEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Coal production | 12.6 MtEIA International Energy [2024] |
| Environmental issues | soil erosion, degradation, and desertification; water pollution; air pollution in south from industrial effluents; contamination of Danube delta wetlandsCIA World Factbook [2025] · 2026 archive |
